Agroforestry has been a way of life in India ever since the evolution of human beings through the forests. Uses of trees for different purposes for their daily living including wood, shelter and medicine have been the common feature. It is only with the evolution and emphasis of modern agriculture that the trees started getting low priority to emphasize upon food production. The fatigue of green revolution and resource degradation leading to non-sustainable production systems has demanded our attention for sustainable practices to assure the continued production.

In order to achieve this, scientific systems of agroforestry were advocated and emphasized during 70s and an initiative was made by Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR) in 1979 to sensitize the planners and scientists to these aspects of tree based farming systems. During the past 25 years there have been continuous attempts to inventorize, experiment and synthesize scientific information on agroforestry.

This book is an attempt to bring these issues to the forefront and identify opportunities that it has to offer to the Society. It covers chapter on: Agroforestry for Conservation of Water Resources, Agroforestry for Water Resources Conservation: Issues, Challenges and Strategies, Agroforestry Interventions for Soil and Water Conservation in Himalayan Region, Potential of Afforestation and Agroforestry in Carbon Sequestration for Mitigating Climate Changes, Role of Agroforestry in Soil Fertility, Potential of Agroforestry in India, Traditional Agroforestry as a Viable Choice to Conserve Agro-Biodiversity in the Northeast India, Agroforestry in the Middle and  Upper Himalayas, Homegardens as a Livelihood Security System in the Humid Tropics With Special Reference to Kerala, Homegardens of Tropics: A Diversified Sustainable Cropping System, Agroforestry Systems in Hot Arid Regions with Special Reference to Value Addition, Alternate Land Use Systems for Sustainable Production in  Rainfed Areas, Agroforestry Based Coffee and Spices Cropping Systems, Breeding Agroforestry Species in India: Status and Strategy, Techniques and Methodologies of  Tree Growth Modelling for Agroforestry Systems, Complementary and Competitive Effect of Trees in Agroforestry, Biophysical Aspects of Tree-Crop Interactions in Silvipastoral System, Forage Based Agroforestry Systems for Conservation of Land Resources, Agroforestry Systems for Sustainable Livestock Production in India, Role of Forest Based Industries/Plantation Companies in Development of Agroforestry, Emergence of Subabul (Leucaena leucocephala) as an Industrial Tree, Agri-Horti-Forestry for Rehabilitation of Tribal and Small Farmers: BAIFs Approach, Lokavaniki for Bhoomi-Swami, Revenue/Gram Panchayat, Municipal Degraded Lands and such other Lands Lying Outside Government Forests, Socio-Economic Considerations and Issues of Agroforestry