Nanotechnology is an emerging interdisciplinary technology that has been booming in many areas during the recent decade, including material science, mechanics, electronics, optics, medicine, plastics, energy electronics, biology, agriculture, aquaculture and aerospace.

The approaches for engineered nanomaterials are developing exponentially, along with the consciousness in government, industry and public groups of nano safety issues. There is also growing public concern caused by negative perceptions among some high-profile groups that nano-enabled products are proliferating uncontrollably and being released without adequate testing of their safety.

Many of the fine particles presently contemplated harmless are likely to acquire unique properties when condensed to a nanomolecular size and could manifest toxic biological effects. It is well known that the toxicity of engineered nanoparticles (NPs) may depend on the physical and chemical characteristics of the particles.

Nanotechnology is evolving rapidly in industrial applications, medical imaging, disease diagnosis, drug delivery, cancer treatment, and gene therapy, and also to aid in visual imaging. Nanotechnology is at the cutting edge of rapid healthcare product development as it has many potential human health benefits, but it is perceived with some apprehension for its potential human health risks.